Gabon : L’urgence de désenclaver de la capitale économique Port-Gentil

by gabonnews on

 

L’aéroport international Ali Bongo Ondimba de Port-Gentil, inauguré en 2016, n’a pas contribué à l’essor de l’économie locale. Les promesses n’ont pas été tenues. De même, le Pont Ozouri, 3ème  pont le plus long d’Afrique (427 mètres) se révèle sans plus-value sur le plan

Premier pas dans le raccordement de Port Gentil avec l’intérieur du pays, le pont Ozouri lors de sa construction. © gauff.net

 

 

Le chef de l’Etat a inauguré le 17 juin 2016, l’aéroport international de Port-Gentil qui porte son nom d’un cout de 73,7 milliards de francs CFA. Cette infrastructure qui résulte d’un choix politique d’aménagement du territoire, et de la nécessité de mettre en place de nouvelles infrastructures, a nécessité six années de travaux aux termes desquelles l’ouvrage imposant devait être ouvert au trafic national et international.

La demande en fret et passagers reste constante dans la province de l’Ogooué-Maritime, tout son trafic doit subir une rupture de charge à Libreville avant sa destination finale, ce qui obère les couts et in fine participe à l’inflation, aux pénuries et aux retards importants pour l’industrie pétrolière et ses sous-traitants.

Les investigations menées auprès des principaux transitaires confirment ces insuffisances, le fret à destination de Port-Gentil, représente un volume de 130 tonnes par mois environ, les pièces de gros volumes sont acheminées par bateau faute d’aéronefs de grande capacité.

Toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, les activités commerciales de l’aéroport ainsi que celles liées à son environnement connaitraient une nouvelle dynamique et augmenteraient les recettes diverses pour soutenir les efforts déjà consentis par le gouvernement.

La ville dispose d’un port en eau profonde qui fut, jadis, une vitrine de l’attractivité économique de la province. Aujourd’hui avec des installations vétustes, cette ville devient quasi déserte sur le plan industriel. Au moment où l’on prône le retour de la croissance et du plein emploi avec un taux de chômage qui oscille autour de 18,5%, et a quelques mois des élections groupée, ne serait-t-il pas opportun de poser un regard pragmatique pour enrayer le déclin économique de Port-Gentil ?

Pour désenclaver la capitale économique, il faudrait :

  • Ouvrir l’aéroport Ali Bongo Ondimba, au trafic internationale fret et passagers ;
  • Réhabiliter le port en eau profonde de Port-Gentil,
  • Trouver des financements pour les travaux de la route Carrefour Forasol-Mbega (22km), pour se connecter au pont d’Ozouri, dont l’urgence de la construction amène légitimement à s’interroger. Hormis son record de troisième plus long pont d’Afrique, il ne génère pas de plus-value sur le plan économique depuis sa livraison le 15 décembre 2020.

La ville d’Omboué n’a pas d’industrie à exporter via le port ou l’aéroport de Port-Gentil. Or l’Etat sur un financement de 342 milliards de FCFA, s’est endetté à 95% auprès de l’Exim Bank China et a apporté 5% du financement soit 17 milliards de FCFA.

Comment réduire les inégalités sociales et renforcer la cohésion des territoires si Omboué n’est pas connecter à Yombi sur un linéaire de 287 km, ce qui donnerait du sens à l’objectif de construire un quai de pèche à Omboué, selon une projection de la loi des finances 2023, pour desservir en produits frais, le Sud-Est du pays et favoriser ainsi les échanges entre territoire.

Si ce qui précède est réalisé, le désenclavement de l’axe Port-Gentil-Omboué peut ouvrir des perspectives nouvelles pour l’économie jusqu’à Mabanda et au-delà, si et seulement si le réseau routier est praticable.

Dans la ville de Port-Gentil, ce n’est guère mieux. Les populations subissent de longs délestages, le réseau routier est impraticable dans de nombreux quartiers, les  bassins versants sont vétustes et  pas entretenus, l’éclairage public peu fonctionnel, du fait de la rareté de l’offre de transport pour acheminer des produits, le cout des produits de première nécessité prend des proportions inquiétantes, le morale des population est en baisse comme le témoigne le nombre de cas de maladies cardio-vasculaire, dans une ville où il faisait bon vivre il y’a quelques années.

Si aucune action concrète n’est envisagée, que peut en retour attendre le pouvoir des populations ?

116 Replies to “Gabon : L’urgence de désenclaver de la capitale économique Port-Gentil”

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